Architecture

During the 1870s, Boston architect Henry Hobson Richardson captured the American imagination with rugged, forceful buildings like the Allegheny County Courthouse in Pittsburgh and Trinity Church in Boston. These buildings were called "Romanesque" because they had wide, rounded arches like buildings in ancient Rome. Henry Hobson Richardson became so famous for his Romanesque designs that the style is often called Richardsonian Romanesque.

The heavy Romanesque Revival style was especially suited for grand public buildings. Most people could not afford to build private houses with Roman arches and massive stone walls. However, during the 1880s, a few wealthy industrialists embraced the Romanesque Revival to build elaborate and often fanciful Gilded Age mansions.

During this time, elaborate Queen Anne architecture was at the height of fashion. Also, the rambling Shingle Style became a popular choice for vacation homes, especially along the northeast coast of the USA. Not surprisingly, Romanesque Revival homes often have Queen Anne and Shingle Style details.

Romanesque Revival Features

• Constructed of rough-faced, square stones
• Round towers with cone-shaped roofs
• Columns and pilasters with spirals and leaf designs
• Low, broad "Roman" arches over arcades and doorways
• Patterned masonry arches over windows

_{References
Key resources used for this article:}

• _{Urban castles for gilded-age barons, from Old-House Journal}
• _{A Field Guide to American Houses. Read a Review | Compare Prices}
• _{American Shelter: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of the American Home. Compare Prices}
• _{American House Styles: A Concise Guide. Compare Prices}

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